The Martial arts Portal
Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat. While they may be studied for many reasons, martial arts share a single objective: to defeat a person physically or to defend oneself from physical threat. In addition, some martial arts are linked to spiritual or religious beliefs and philosophies such asSikhism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, Shinto or Confucianism while others have their own spiritual or non-spiritual code of honor. Many arts are also practiced competitively most commonly as combat sports, but may also be in the form of dance.
In popular culture, the term martial arts often specifically refers to the combat systems that originated in Asian cultures. However, the term actually refers to any sort of codified combat systems, regardless of origin. The Indian martial artGatka was developed by sixth-century Sikh guru, Guru Hargobind and it was further developed and preached by the tenth-century Sikh guru, Guru Gobind Singh. In the late eighteenth century this martial art was further developed as a recreational game and Panjab University Lahore codified its rules. Europe is home to many systems of martial arts, both living traditions (e.g. jogo do pauand other stick and sword fencing and savate, a French kicking style developed by sailors and street fighters) and older systems collectively referred to ashistorical European martial arts that existed until modern times and are now being reconstructed by several organizations. In the Americas, Native Americanshave a tradition of open-handed martial arts, which includes wrestling, andHawaiians have historically practiced arts featuring small and large joint manipulation. A mix of origins occur in the athletic movements of capoeira, a practice that was created in Brazil by slaves and was based on skills brought with them from Africa.
While each style has unique facets that make it different from other martial arts, a common characteristic is the systematization of fighting techniques. Methods of training vary and may include sparring or forms (kata), which are sets or routines of techniques that are performed alone, or sometimes with a partner, and which are especially common in the Asian and Asian-derived martial arts.
The word martial derives from the name of Mars, the Roman god of war. The term martial arts literally means arts of war. This term comes from 15th-century Europeans who were referring to their own fighting arts. A practitioner of martial arts can be referred to as a martial artist.
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Modern Arnis is the system of Filipino Martial Arts founded by the late Remy Presas as a Self-Defense System. His goal was to create an injury-free training method as well as an effective Self-Defense System in order to preserve the older Arnis Systems. The term Modern Arnis was also used by Remy Presas' younger brother Ernesto Presas to describe his style of Filipino Martial Arts; since 1999 Ernesto Presas has called his system Kombatan. It is derived principally from the traditional Presas family style of the Bolo (machete) and the stick-dueling art of Balintawak Eskrima, with influences from other Filipino and Japanese Martial Arts.
Arnis is also the Philippines' National Martial Art and Martial Sport, after President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed the Republic Act. No. 9850 in 2009. The Act also mandates the Department of Education to include the sport as a Physical Education course. Arnis will also be included among the priority sports in Palarong Pambansa (National Games) beginning 2010.[1]
- ^ Lizares, George. "Arnis now a national sport". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
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Quotes
- "The ultimate aim of karate lies not in victory nor defeat, but in the perfection of the character of its participants."
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- -Gichin Funakoshi (1868–1957)
- "The teaching of one virtuous person can influence many; that which has been learned well by one generation can be passed on to a hundred."
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- -Kano Jigoro (1860–1938)
- "So there are five ways of knowing who will win. Those who know when to fight and when not to fight are victorious. Those who discern when to use many or few troops are victorious. Those whose upper and lower ranks have the same desire are victorious. Those who face the unprepared with preparation are victorious. Those whose generals are able and not constrained by their governments are victorious. These five are the ways to know who will win."
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- -Sun Tzu (c.544 BC–c.496 BC);The Art of War (trans. by Thomas Cleary)
- "I have often found in the most ancient forms of martial arts it is the person who falls over first that provides the least competition; however, once you have fallen over it is difficult to win."
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- -Sir Samuel David Hull Jr (1985–1987)
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